specialisation

Noun

WordNet 3.0

Noun (3)

  1. (biology) the structural adaptation of some body part for a particular function“cell differentiation in the developing embryo”Synonyms: specializationdifferentiation
  2. the act of specializing; making something suitable for a special purposeSynonyms: specialization
  3. the special line of work you have adopted as your career“his specialization is gastroenterology”Synonyms: specializationspecialtyspecialityspecialism
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Free On-line Dictionary of Computing

specialisation

A reduction in generality, usually for the sake of increased efficiency. If a piece of code is specialised for certain values of certain variables (usually function arguments), this is known as "partial evaluation". In a language with overloading (e.g. Haskell), an overloaded function might be specialised to a non-overloaded instance at compile-time if the types of its arguments are known.

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