rough
Noun · Verb · Adjective · AdverbOpen English WordNet
Adjective (14)rougher, roughest
- having or caused by an irregular surface“trees with rough bark”“rough ground”“rough skin”“rough blankets”“his unsmooth face”Synonyms: unsmoothOpposite smoothSimilar cragged, rocky, crushed, chapped, alligatored, abrasive, textured, homespun +20 moreSee also uneven, unfinished, unironed, unpolished, irregular, coarse +1 more
- (of persons or behavior) lacking refinement or finesse“she was a diamond in the rough”“rough manners”Opposite refinedSimilar unrefined
- not quite exact or correct“the approximate time was 10 o'clock”“a rough guess”“a rough estimate”Synonyms: approximateapproximativeOpposite exactSimilar inexact
- full of hardship or trials“the rocky road to success”“they were having a rough time”Synonyms: rockyOpposite easySimilar difficult, hard
- violently agitated and turbulent“boisterous winds and waves”“the fierce thunders roar me their music — Ezra Pound”“rough weather”“rough seas”Synonyms: boisterousfierceOpposite calmSimilar stormy
- unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound“a gravelly voice”Synonyms: gratinggravellyraspingraspyscratchyOpposite euphoniousSimilar cacophonous, cacophonic
- ready and able to resort to force or violence“pugnacious spirits … lamented that there was so little prospect of an exhilarating disturbance — Herman Melville”“they were rough and determined fighting men”Synonyms: pugnacious
- of the margin of a leaf shape; having the edge cut or fringed or scalloped
- causing or characterized by jolts and irregular movements“a rough ride”Synonyms: rockybumpyjoltyjoltingjumpy
- not shaped by cutting or trimming“an uncut diamond”“rough gemstones”Synonyms: uncut
- not carefully or expertly made“managed to make a crude splint”“a crude cabin of logs with bark still on them”“rough carpentry”Synonyms: crude
- not perfected“a rough draft”“a few rough sketches”
- unpleasantly stern“wild and harsh country full of hot sand and cactus”“the nomad life is rough and hazardous”Synonyms: harsh
- unkind or cruel or uncivil“had harsh words”“a harsh and unlovable old tyrant”“a rough answer”Synonyms: harsh
Verb (1)roughed, roughing
Adverb (2)
Noun (1)
- the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut shortType of site, land sitePart of golf course, links course
What does it mean? Question 1 of today’s quiz
Translations
Adjective not smooth
Adjective crude, unrefined
The main translation for each meaning, from the langtolang.com multilingual dictionary. Each word links to its full entry there.
Webster's Dictionary (1913)
Origin: OE. rou…, rou, row, rugh, ruh, AS. r…h; akin to LG. rug, D. rug, D. ruig, ruw, OHG. r…h, G. rauh, rauch; cf. Lith. raukas wrinkle, rukti to wrinkle. √ 18. Cf. Rug, noun
1. Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth. Specifically: (a) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; — said of a piece of land, or of a road. “Rough, uneven ways.” William Shakespeare
(b) Not polished; uncut; — said of a gem; as, a rough diamond. (c) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; — said of a sea or other piece of water.
More unequal than the roughest sea.— Burnet, Thomas
(d) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; — said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat. “A visage rough.” John Dryden “Roughsatyrs.” John Milton
2. Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or polish. Specifically: (a) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a rough temper.
A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough.— William Shakespeare
A surly boatman, rough as wayes or winds.— Matthew Prior
(b) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough measures or actions.
On the rough edge of battle.— John Milton
A quicker and rougher remedy.— Edward Hyde, first earl of Clarendon
Kind words prevent a good deal of that perverseness which rough and imperious usage often produces.— John Locke
(c) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; — said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers. Alexander Pope
(d) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine. (e) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a rough day.
He stayeth his rough wind.— Isa. xxvii. 8.
Time and the hour runs through the roughest day.— William Shakespeare
(f) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught.
Rough diamond, an uncut diamond; hence, colloquially, a person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior. — Rough and ready. (a) Acting with offhand promptness and efficiency. “The rough and ready understanding.” James Russell Lowell
(b) Produced offhand. “Some rough and ready theory.” Edward Burnett Tylor
1. Boisterous weather. obsolete Fletcher.
2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
In the rough, in an unwrought or rude condition; unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough.
Contemplating the people in the rough.— Eliz. Barrett Browning
In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.
Sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats.— Sir Walter Scott
1. To render rough; to roughen.
2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes. George Crabb
3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; — with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch.
Roughing rolls, rolls for reducing, in a rough manner, a bloom of iron to bars. — To rough it, to endure hard conditions of living; to live without ordinary comforts.
Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), from GCIDE 0.54