The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Uranology \U`ra*nol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? heaven + -logy.]
   A discourse or treatise on the heavens and the heavenly
   bodies; the study of the heavens; uranography.
   [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

uranology
    n 1: the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the
         universe as a whole [syn: astronomy, uranology]

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

19 Moby Thesaurus words for "uranology":
   astrogeology, astrognosy, astrography, astrolithology, astronomy,
   astrophotography, astrophysics, celestial mechanics,
   gravitational astronomy, meteoritics, radar astronomy,
   radio astronomy, solar physics, spectrography, spectroscopy,
   stargazing, stellar photometry, uranography, uranometry