The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Judicature \Ju"di*ca*ture\ (?; 135), n. [F., fr. LL.
   judicatura.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. The state or profession of those employed in the
      administration of justice; also, the dispensing or
      administration of justice.
      [1913 Webster]

            The honor of the judges in their judicature is the
            king's honor.                         --Bacon.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. A court of justice; a judicatory. --South.
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   3. The right of judicial action; jurisdiction; extent
      jurisdiction of a judge or court.
      [1913 Webster]

            Our Savior disputes not here the judicature, for
            that was not his office, but the morality, of
            divorce.                              --Milton.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

judicature
    n 1: an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct
         judicial business [syn: court, tribunal, judicature]
    2: the system of law courts that administer justice and
       constitute the judicial branch of government [syn:
       judiciary, judicature, judicatory, judicial system]
    3: the act of meting out justice according to the law [syn:
       administration, judicature]
    4: the position of judge [syn: judgeship, judicature]