The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Expectoration \Ex*pec`to*ra"tion\, n. [Cf. F. expectoration.]
   1. The act of ejecting phlegm or mucus from the throat or
      lungs, by coughing, hawking, and spitting.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. That which is expectorated, as phlegm or mucus.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

expectoration
    n 1: the process of coughing up and spitting out
    2: the act of spitting (forcefully expelling saliva) [syn:
       spit, spitting, expectoration]