The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Rosewood \Rose"wood\, n.
   A valuable cabinet wood of a dark red color, streaked and
   variegated with black, obtained from several tropical
   leguminous trees of the genera Dalbergia and Machaerium.
   The finest kind is from Brazil, and is said to be from the
   Dalbergia nigra.
   [1913 Webster]

   African rosewood, the wood of the leguminous tree
      Pterocarpus erinaceus.

   Jamaica rosewood, the wood of two West Indian trees
      (Amyris balsamifera, and Linocieria ligustrina).

   New South Wales rosewood, the wood of Trichilia
      glandulosa, a tree related to the margosa.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

rosewood
    n 1: hard dark reddish wood of a rosewood tree having a strongly
         marked grain; used in cabinetwork
    2: any of those hardwood trees of the genus Dalbergia that yield
       rosewood--valuable cabinet woods of a dark red or purplish
       color streaked and variegated with black [syn: rosewood,
       rosewood tree]