The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Transcription \Tran*scrip"tion\ (tr[a^]n*skr[i^]p"sh[u^]n), n.
   [Cf. F. transcription, L. transcriptio a transfer.]
   1. The act or process of transcribing, or copying; as,
      corruptions creep into books by repeated transcriptions.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. A copy; a transcript. --Walton.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. (Mus.) An arrangement of a composition for some other
      instrument or voice than that for which it was originally
      written, as the translating of a song, a vocal or
      instrumental quartet, or even an orchestral work, into a
      piece for the piano; an adaptation; an arrangement; -- a
      name applied by modern composers for the piano to a more
      or less fanciful and ornate reproduction on their own
      instrument of a song or other piece not originally
      intended for it; as, Liszt's transcriptions of songs by
      Schubert.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

transcription
    n 1: something written, especially copied from one medium to
         another, as a typewritten version of dictation [syn:
         transcription, written text]
    2: (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a
       gene is copied into mRNA; the process whereby a base sequence
       of messenger RNA is synthesized on a template of
       complementary DNA
    3: a sound or television recording (e.g., from a broadcast to a
       tape recording)
    4: the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music [syn:
       arrangement, arranging, transcription]
    5: the act of making a record (especially an audio record); "she
       watched the recording from a sound-proof booth" [syn:
       recording, transcription]