The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Localization \Lo`cal*i*za"tion\, n. [Cf. F. localisation.]
   Act of localizing, or state of being localized.
   [1913 Webster]

   Cerebral localization (Physiol.), the localization of the
      control of special functions, as of sight or of the
      various movements of the body, in special regions of the
      brain.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

localization
    n 1: a determination of the place where something is; "he got a
         good fix on the target" [syn: localization,
         localisation, location, locating, fix]
    2: (physiology) the principle that specific functions have
       relatively circumscribed locations in some particular part or
       organ of the body [syn: localization of function,
       localisation of function, localization principle,
       localisation principle, localization, localisation]