The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Weather \Weath"er\, n. [OE. weder, AS. weder; akin to OS. wedar,
   OFries. weder, D. weder, we[^e]r, G. wetter, OHG. wetar,
   Icel. ve[eth]r, Dan. veir, Sw. v[aum]der wind, air, weather,
   and perhaps to OSlav. vedro fair weather; or perhaps to Lith.
   vetra storm, Russ. vieter', vietr', wind, and E. wind. Cf.
   Wither.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. The state of the air or atmosphere with respect to heat or
      cold, wetness or dryness, calm or storm, clearness or
      cloudiness, or any other meteorological phenomena;
      meteorological condition of the atmosphere; as, warm
      weather; cold weather; wet weather; dry weather, etc.
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            Not amiss to cool a man's stomach this hot weather.
                                                  --Shak.
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            Fair weather cometh out of the north. --Job xxxvii.
                                                  22.
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   2. Vicissitude of season; meteorological change; alternation
      of the state of the air. --Bacon.
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   3. Storm; tempest.
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            What gusts of weather from that gathering cloud
            My thoughts presage!                  --Dryden.
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   4. A light rain; a shower. [Obs.] --Wyclif.
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   Stress of weather, violent winds; force of tempests.

   To make fair weather, to flatter; to give flattering
      representations. [R.]

   To make good weather, or To make bad weather (Naut.), to
      endure a gale well or ill; -- said of a vessel. --Shak.

   Under the weather, ill; also, financially embarrassed.
      [Colloq. U. S.] --Bartlett.

   Weather box. Same as Weather house, below. --Thackeray.

   Weather breeder, a fine day which is supposed to presage
      foul weather.

   Weather bureau, a popular name for the signal service. See
      Signal service, under Signal, a. [U. S.]

   Weather cloth (Naut.), a long piece of canvas of tarpaulin
      used to preserve the hammocks from injury by the weather
      when stowed in the nettings.

   Weather door. (Mining) See Trapdoor, 2.

   Weather gall. Same as Water gall, 2. [Prov. Eng.]
      --Halliwell.

   Weather house, a mechanical contrivance in the form of a
      house, which indicates changes in atmospheric conditions
      by the appearance or retirement of toy images.
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            Peace to the artist whose ingenious thought
            Devised the weather house, that useful toy!
                                                  --Cowper.
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   Weather molding, or

   Weather moulding (Arch.), a canopy or cornice over a door
      or a window, to throw off the rain.

   Weather of a windmill sail, the obliquity of the sail, or
      the angle which it makes with its plane of revolution.

   Weather report, a daily report of meteorological
      observations, and of probable changes in the weather;
      esp., one published by government authority.

   Weather spy, a stargazer; one who foretells the weather.
      [R.] --Donne.

   Weather strip (Arch.), a strip of wood, rubber, or other
      material, applied to an outer door or window so as to
      cover the joint made by it with the sill, casings, or
      threshold, in order to exclude rain, snow, cold air, etc.
      [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Weather \Weath"er\, v. i.
   To undergo or endure the action of the atmosphere; to suffer
   meteorological influences; sometimes, to wear away, or alter,
   under atmospheric influences; to suffer waste by weather.
   [1913 Webster]

         The organisms . . . seem indestructible, while the hard
         matrix in which they are imbedded has weathered from
         around them.                             --H. Miller.
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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Weather \Weath"er\, a. (Naut.)
   Being toward the wind, or windward -- opposed to lee; as,
   weather bow, weather braces, weather gauge, weather lifts,
   weather quarter, weather shrouds, etc.
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   Weather gauge.
   (a) (Naut.) The position of a ship to the windward of
       another.
   (b) Fig.: A position of advantage or superiority; advantage
       in position.
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             To veer, and tack, and steer a cause
             Against the weather gauge of laws.   --Hudibras.
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   Weather helm (Naut.), a tendency on the part of a sailing
      vessel to come up into the wind, rendering it necessary to
      put the helm up, that is, toward the weather side.

   Weather shore (Naut.), the shore to the windward of a ship.
      --Totten.

   Weather tide (Naut.), the tide which sets against the lee
      side of a ship, impelling her to the windward. --Mar.
      Dict.
      [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Weather \Weath"er\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Weathered; p. pr. &
   vb. n. Weathering.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. To expose to the air; to air; to season by exposure to
      air.
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            [An eagle] soaring through his wide empire of the
            air
            To weather his broad sails.           --Spenser.
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            This gear lacks weathering.           --Latimer.
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   2. Hence, to sustain the trying effect of; to bear up against
      and overcome; to sustain; to endure; to resist; as, to
      weather the storm.
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            For I can weather the roughest gale.  --Longfellow.
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            You will weather the difficulties yet. --F. W.
                                                  Robertson.
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   3. (Naut.) To sail or pass to the windward of; as, to weather
      a cape; to weather another ship.
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   4. (Falconry) To place (a hawk) unhooded in the open air.
      --Encyc. Brit.
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   To weather a point.
      (a) (Naut.) To pass a point of land, leaving it on the lee
          side.
      (b) Hence, to gain or accomplish anything against
          opposition.

   To weather out, to encounter successfully, though with
      difficulty; as, to weather out a storm.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

weather
    adj 1: towards the side exposed to wind [syn: upwind,
           weather(a)]
    n 1: the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the
         atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and
         precipitation; "they were hoping for good weather"; "every
         day we have weather conditions and yesterday was no
         exception"; "the conditions were too rainy for playing in
         the snow" [syn: weather, weather condition,
         conditions, atmospheric condition]
    v 1: face and withstand with courage; "She braved the elements"
         [syn: weather, endure, brave, brave out]
    2: cause to slope
    3: sail to the windward of
    4: change under the action or influence of the weather; "A
       weathered old hut"

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

96 Moby Thesaurus words for "weather":
   ablate, abrade, be safe, be unflappable, beat the game,
   beat the system, bring to, calm weather, climate, clime,
   cold weather, come through, come up fighting, come up smiling,
   erode, fair weather, flanking, forces of nature, fray, frazzle,
   fret, get home free, glancing, good weather, halcyon days, haul,
   haul off, haul the wind, haul to, haul up, head to windward,
   heave to, hold fast, hold out, hold up, hot weather, keep safe,
   lateral, lee, leeward, live through, macroclimate,
   make heavy weather, microclimate, next-beside, not budge, outride,
   persevere, rainy weather, remain firm, ride, ride it out, ride out,
   rub off, sail to windward, side, sideling, sidelong, sideward,
   sidewards, sideway, sideways, sidewise, skirting, stand fast,
   stand firm, stand pat, stay put, stick it out, stormy weather,
   tatter, the elements, tide over, triumph, uphelm, wear, wear away,
   wear down, wear off, wear out, wear ragged, weather deck,
   weather helm, weather out, weather sheet, weather side,
   weather tack, weather the storm, weather wheel, weatherboard,
   win out, win through, windiness, windward, windward ebb,
   windward flood



The Devil's Dictionary (1881-1906):

WEATHER, n.  The climate of the hour.  A permanent topic of
conversation among persons whom it does not interest, but who have
inherited the tendency to chatter about it from naked arboreal
ancestors whom it keenly concerned.  The setting up official weather
bureaus and their maintenance in mendacity prove that even governments
are accessible to suasion by the rude forefathers of the jungle.

    Once I dipt into the future far as human eye could see,
    And I saw the Chief Forecaster, dead as any one can be --
    Dead and damned and shut in Hades as a liar from his birth,
    With a record of unreason seldom paralleled on earth.
    While I looked he reared him solemnly, that incandescent youth,
    From the coals that he'd preferred to the advantages of truth.
    He cast his eyes about him and above him; then he wrote
    On a slab of thin asbestos what I venture here to quote --
    For I read it in the rose-light of the everlasting glow:
    "Cloudy; variable winds, with local showers; cooler; snow."
                                                         Halcyon Jones