The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Provincialism \Pro*vin"cial*ism\, n. [Cf. F. provincialisme.]
   A word, or a manner of speaking, peculiar to a province or a
   district remote from the mother country or from the
   metropolis; a provincial characteristic; hence, narrowness;
   illiberality. --M. Arnold.
   [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

provincialism
    n 1: a lack of sophistication
    2: a partiality for some particular place [syn: sectionalism,
       provincialism, localism]

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

83 Moby Thesaurus words for "provincialism":
   Acadian, Anglo-Indian, Brooklynese, Cajun, Canadian French,
   Cockney, French Canadian, Gullah, Midland, Midland dialect,
   New England dialect, Pennsylvania Dutch, Yankee, Yorkshire,
   agrarianism, authoritarianism, benightedness, bigotry, blind side,
   blind spot, blinders, boorishness, bucolicism,
   bundle of isoglosses, churlishness, class dialect, closed mind,
   cramped ideas, dialect, dialect atlas, dialect dictionary,
   fanaticism, hideboundness, idiom, illiberality, inexperience,
   ingenuousness, innocence, insularism, insularity, inurbanity,
   isogloss, linguistic atlas, linguistic community,
   linguistic island, little-mindedness, littleness, local dialect,
   localism, mean mind, meanness, naivety, narrow sympathies,
   narrow views, narrow-mindedness, narrowness, nearsightedness,
   odium theologicum, parochialism, pastorality, patois, pettiness,
   petty mind, provinciality, purblindness, regional accent,
   regionalism, ruralism, rusticity, shortsightedness, shut mind,
   simplicity, smallness, speech community, straitlacedness,
   stuffiness, subdialect, uncatholicity, uncultivation, unrefinement,
   unsophisticatedness, unspoiledness, yokelism