The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Syllabary \Syl"la*ba*ry\, n.
   A table of syllables; more especially, a table of the
   indivisible syllabic symbols used in certain languages, as
   the Japanese and Cherokee, instead of letters. --S. W.
   Williams.
   [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

syllabary
    n 1: a writing system whose characters represent syllables [syn:
         syllabary, syllabic script]