The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

veterinarian \vet`er*i*na"ri*an\
   (v[e^]t`[~e]r*[i^]*n[=a]"r[i^]*an), n. [L. veterinarius. See
   Veterinary.]
   One skilled in the treatment of diseases of cattle or
   domestic animals; a veterinary surgeon. Often abbreviated to
   vet.
   [1913 Webster + PJC]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

vet
    n 1: a doctor who practices veterinary medicine [syn:
         veterinarian, veterinary, veterinary surgeon, vet]
    2: a person who has served in the armed forces [syn: veteran,
       vet, ex-serviceman]
    v 1: work as a veterinarian; "She vetted for the farms in the
         area for many years"
    2: examine carefully; "Someone should vet this report before it
       goes out"
    3: provide (a person) with medical care
    4: provide veterinary care for

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

70 Moby Thesaurus words for "vet":
   bone, campaigner, canvass, check over, check up, con, contemplate,
   dig, drill, elucubrate, examine, examine thoroughly, eye,
   give the eye, give the once-over, go deep into, go over, grind,
   hard look, horse doctor, inspect, leer, leer at, look closely at,
   look over, lucubrate, new, ogle, ogle at, old, old campaigner,
   old hand, old pro, old salt, old sea dog, old soldier, old-time,
   old-timer, perlustrate, perscrutate, peruse, plunge into, pore,
   pore over, practical, practice, practiced, read, regard studiously,
   restudy, review, salt, scrutinize, seasoned, seasoned veteran,
   shellback, size up, skilled, study, survey, swot, take a long,
   take stock of, versed, veteran, veterinarian, veterinary,
   veterinary surgeon, wade through, war-horse