The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Qualitative \Qual"i*ta*tive\, a. [Cf. LL. gualitativus, F.
   qualitatif.]
   Relating to quality; having the character of quality. --
   Qual"i*ta*tive*ly, adv.
   [1913 Webster]

   Qualitative analysis (Chem.), analysis which merely
      determines the constituents of a substance without any
      regard to the quantity of each ingredient; -- contrasted
      with quantitative analysis.
      [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Analysis \A*nal"y*sis\, n.; pl. Analyses. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to
   unloose, to dissolve, to resolve into its elements; ? up + ?
   to loose. See Loose.]
   1. A resolution of anything, whether an object of the senses
      or of the intellect, into its constituent or original
      elements; an examination of the component parts of a
      subject, each separately, as the words which compose a
      sentence, the tones of a tune, or the simple propositions
      which enter into an argument. It is opposed to
      synthesis.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. (Chem.) The separation of a compound substance, by
      chemical processes, into its constituents, with a view to
      ascertain either (a) what elements it contains, or (b) how
      much of each element is present. The former is called
      qualitative, and the latter quantitative analysis.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. (Logic) The tracing of things to their source, and the
      resolving of knowledge into its original principles.
      [1913 Webster]

   4. (Math.) The resolving of problems by reducing the
      conditions that are in them to equations.
      [1913 Webster]

   5.
      (a) A syllabus, or table of the principal heads of a
          discourse, disposed in their natural order.
      (b) A brief, methodical illustration of the principles of
          a science. In this sense it is nearly synonymous with
          synopsis.
          [1913 Webster]

   6. (Nat. Hist.) The process of ascertaining the name of a
      species, or its place in a system of classification, by
      means of an analytical table or key.
      [1913 Webster]

   Ultimate, Proximate, Qualitative, Quantitative, and
   Volumetric analysis. (Chem.) See under Ultimate,
      Proximate, Qualitative, etc.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

qualitative
    adj 1: involving distinctions based on qualities; "qualitative
           change"; "qualitative data"; "qualitative analysis
           determines the chemical constituents of a substance or
           mixture" [ant: quantitative]
    2: relating to or involving comparisons based on qualities