The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Grasshopper \Grass"hop`per\, n.
   1. (Zool.) Any jumping, orthopterous insect, of the families
      Acridid[ae] and Locustid[ae], having large hind legs
      adapted for leaping, and chewing mouth parts. The species
      and genera are very numerous and some are very destructive
      to crops. The former family includes the Western
      grasshopper or locust (Caloptenus spretus), noted for
      the great extent of its ravages in the region beyond the
      Mississippi. In the Eastern United States the red-legged
      (Caloptenus femurrubrum and C. atlanis) are closely
      related species, but their ravages are less important.
      They are closely related to the migratory locusts of the
      Old World. See Locust.
      [1913 Webster +PJC]

   Note: The meadow or green grasshoppers belong to the
         Locustid[ae]. They have long antenn[ae], large
         ovipositors, and stridulating organs at the base of the
         wings in the male. The European great green grasshopper
         (Locusta viridissima) belongs to this family. The
         common American green species mostly belong to
         Xiphidium, Orchelimum, and Conocephalus.
         [1913 Webster]

   2. In ordinary square or upright pianos of London make, the
      escapement lever or jack, so made that it can be taken out
      and replaced with the key; -- called also the hopper.
      --Grove.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. (Mil.) An antipersonnel mine that jumps from the ground to
      body height when activated, and explodes, hurling metal
      fragments over a wide area.
      [PJC]

   4. A mixed alcoholic beverage containing cr[`e]me de menthe,
      light cream, and sometimes cr[`e]me de cacao. The name
      comes from its light green color.
      [PJC]

   Grasshopper engine, a steam engine having a working beam
      with its fulcrum at one end, the steam cylinder at the
      other end, and the connecting rod at an intermediate
      point.

   Grasshopper lobster (Zool.) a young lobster. [Local, U. S.]


   Grasshopper warbler (Zool.), cricket bird.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

grasshopper
    n 1: terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for
         leaping [syn: grasshopper, hopper]
    2: a cocktail made of creme de menthe and cream (sometimes with
       creme de cacao)

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

40 Moby Thesaurus words for "grasshopper":
   broad jumper, bucking bronco, buckjumper, cicada, cicala, cricket,
   dog-day cicada, feckless, flea, frog, gazelle, goat,
   happy-go-lucky, heedless, high jumper, hopper, hoppergrass,
   hurdle racer, hurdler, improvident, jackrabbit, jumper,
   jumping bean, jumping jack, kangaroo, leaper, locust, negligent,
   pole vaulter, salmon, shiftless, stag, sunfisher, thoughtless,
   thriftless, timber topper, uneconomical, unproviding, unthrifty,
   vaulter



Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary:

Grasshopper
   belongs to the class of neuropterous insects called Gryllidae.
   This insect is not unknown in Palestine.

     In Judg. 6:5; 7:12; Job 39:30; Jer. 46:23, where the
   Authorized Version has "grasshopper," the Revised Version more
   correctly renders the Hebrew word ('arbeh) by "locust." This is
   the case also in Amos 7:1; Nah. 3:17, where the Hebrew word
   _gob_ is used; and in Lev. 11:22; Num. 13:33; Eccl. 12:5; Isa.
   40:22, where _hagab_ is used. In all these instances the proper
   rendering is probably "locust" (q.v.).