The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Aspiration \As`pi*ra"tion\, n. [L. aspiratio, fr. aspirare: cf.
   F. aspiration.]
   1. The act of aspirating; the pronunciation of a letter with
      a full or strong emission of breath; an aspirated sound.
      [1913 Webster]

            If aspiration be defined to be an impetus of
            breathing.                            --Wilkins.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. The act of breathing; a breath; an inspiration.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. The act of aspiring of a ardently desiring; strong wish;
      high desire. "Aspirations after virtue." --Johnson.
      [1913 Webster]

            Vague aspiration after military renown. --Prescott.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

aspiration
    n 1: a will to succeed
    2: a cherished desire; "his ambition is to own his own business"
       [syn: ambition, aspiration, dream]
    3: a manner of articulation involving an audible release of
       breath
    4: the act of inhaling; the drawing in of air (or other gases)
       as in breathing [syn: inhalation, inspiration,
       aspiration, intake, breathing in]

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

251 Moby Thesaurus words for "aspiration":
   Aqua-Lung, aim, allophone, alveolar, ambition, ambitiousness,
   animus, apico-alveolar, apico-dental, articulation,
   artificial respiration, assimilation, assumption, assurance,
   assured faith, asthmatic wheeze, basis, bated breath, bilabial,
   bleeding, bloodletting, breath, breath of air, breathing,
   breathy voice, broaching, broken wind, cacuminal, calling, cause,
   cerebral, check, cheerful expectation, confidence, consideration,
   consonant, continuant, conviction, cough, counsel, craving,
   cupping, dental, dependence, desideration, desideratum, design,
   desire, determination, diphthong, direction, dissimilation,
   doomed hope, drafting, drainage, draining, drawing, dream, effect,
   emptying, epenthetic vowel, exhalation, expectation, expiration,
   explosive, exsufflation, fair prospect, faith, fervent hope,
   fixed purpose, function, gasp, glide, glottal, glottalization,
   goal, good cheer, good hope, great expectations, ground,
   guiding light, guiding star, gulp, guttural, hack, hankering,
   hiccup, high goal, high hopes, hope, hopeful prognosis,
   hopefulness, hopes, hoping, hoping against hope, idea, ideal,
   idealism, ideals, inhalation, inhalator, inhalement, inspiration,
   insufflation, intendment, intent, intention, iron lung, labial,
   labialization, labiodental, labiovelar, laryngeal, lateral,
   lingual, liquid, little voice, lodestar, longing, low voice, lust,
   mainspring, manner of articulation, matter, meaning, milking, mind,
   modification, monophthong, morphophoneme, motive,
   mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, mumble, mumbling, murmur,
   murmuration, murmuring, mute, mutter, muttering, nasal, nisus,
   objective, occlusive, oxygen mask, oxygen tent, palatal, pant,
   parasitic vowel, passion, peak, pharyngeal, pharyngealization,
   phlebotomy, phone, phoneme, pipetting, plan, plosive, plot, point,
   prayerful hope, presumption, pretension, principle, project,
   promise, proposal, prospect, prospects, prospectus,
   prothetic vowel, puff, pumping, purpose, reaching high, reason,
   reliance, resolution, resolve, respiration, retroflex, sake,
   sanguine expectation, scheme, score, scuba, security,
   segmental phoneme, semivowel, sigh, siphoning, sneeze, sniff,
   sniffle, snore, snoring, snuff, snuffle, soft voice, sonant,
   sonority, source, speech sound, spring, stage whisper,
   sternutation, stertor, still small voice, stop, striving, study,
   suck, sucking, suction, surd, suspiration, susurration, susurrus,
   syllabic nucleus, syllabic peak, syllable, tapping,
   transition sound, triphthong, trust, ulterior motive, underbreath,
   undertone, upward looking, urge, velar, venesection, view, vocable,
   vocalic, vocation, vocoid, voice, voiced sound, voiceless sound,
   voicing, vowel, well-grounded hope, wheeze, whisper, whispering,
   will, wind, wish, yearning