The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Vault \Vault\, v. i. [Cf. OF. volter, F. voltiger, It. voltare
   to turn. See Vault, n., 4.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. To leap; to bound; to jump; to spring.
      [1913 Webster]

            Vaulting ambition, which o'erleaps itself. --Shak.
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            Leaning on his lance, he vaulted on a tree.
                                                  --Dryden.
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            Lucan vaulted upon Pegasus with all the heat and
            intrepidity of youth.                 --Addison.
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   2. To exhibit feats of tumbling or leaping; to tumble.
      [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Vault \Vault\ (v[add]lt; see Note, below), n. [OE. voute, OF.
   voute, volte, F. vo[^u]te, LL. volta, for voluta, volutio,
   fr. L. volvere, volutum, to roll, to turn about. See
   Voluble, and cf. Vault a leap, Volt a turn, Volute.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. (Arch.) An arched structure of masonry, forming a ceiling
      or canopy.
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            The long-drawn aisle and fretted vault. --Gray.
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   2. An arched apartment; especially, a subterranean room, used
      for storing articles, for a prison, for interment, or the
      like; a cell; a cellar. "Charnel vaults." --Milton.
      [1913 Webster]

            The silent vaults of death.           --Sandys.
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            To banish rats that haunt our vault.  --Swift.
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   3. The canopy of heaven; the sky.
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            That heaven's vault should crack.     --Shak.
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   4. [F. volte, It. volta, originally, a turn, and the same
      word as volta an arch. See the Etymology above.] A leap or
      bound. Specifically:
      (a) (Man.) The bound or leap of a horse; a curvet.
      (b) A leap by aid of the hands, or of a pole, springboard,
          or the like.
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   Note: The l in this word was formerly often suppressed in
         pronunciation.
         [1913 Webster]

   Barrel vault, Cradle vault, Cylindrical vault, or
   Wagon vault (Arch.), a kind of vault having two parallel
      abutments, and the same section or profile at all points.
      It may be rampant, as over a staircase (see Rampant
      vault, under Rampant), or curved in plan, as around the
      apse of a church.

   Coved vault. (Arch.) See under 1st Cove, v. t.

   Groined vault (Arch.), a vault having groins, that is, one
      in which different cylindrical surfaces intersect one
      another, as distinguished from a barrel, or wagon, vault.


   Rampant vault. (Arch.) See under Rampant.

   Ribbed vault (Arch.), a vault differing from others in
      having solid ribs which bear the weight of the vaulted
      surface. True Gothic vaults are of this character.

   Vault light, a partly glazed plate inserted in a pavement
      or ceiling to admit light to a vault below.
      [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Vault \Vault\ (v[add]lt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vaulted; p. pr.
   & vb. n. Vaulting.] [OE. vouten, OF. volter, vouter, F.
   vo[^u]ter. See Vault an arch.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. To form with a vault, or to cover with a vault; to give
      the shape of an arch to; to arch; as, to vault a roof; to
      vault a passage to a court.
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            The shady arch that vaulted the broad green alley.
                                                  --Sir W.
                                                  Scott.
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   2. [See Vault, v. i.] To leap over; esp., to leap over by
      aid of the hands or a pole; as, to vault a fence.
      [1913 Webster]

            I will vault credit, and affect high pleasures.
                                                  --Webster
                                                  (1623).
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

vault
    n 1: a burial chamber (usually underground) [syn: vault,
         burial vault]
    2: a strongroom or compartment (often made of steel) for
       safekeeping of valuables [syn: vault, bank vault]
    3: an arched brick or stone ceiling or roof
    4: the act of jumping over an obstacle [syn: vault, hurdle]
    v 1: jump across or leap over (an obstacle) [syn: vault,
         overleap]
    2: bound vigorously

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

334 Moby Thesaurus words for "vault":
   Caelus, Fort Knox, Highland fling, air, anabasis, and jump, apse,
   arcade, arcature, arch, arched roof, archives, archway, armory,
   arsenal, ascend, ascension, ascent, attic, azure, bank, barrow,
   basement, bay, beehive tomb, bend, bend back, bin, blue sky,
   bob up, bonded warehouse, bone house, bookcase, booth, bounce,
   bound, bow, box, box grave, break water, broad jump, buck,
   buckjump, bunker, burial, burial chamber, burial mound, bursary,
   buttery, caelum, camber, canopy, canopy of heaven, capriole,
   cargo dock, cash register, cashbox, catacomb, catacombs, cavity,
   ceilinged roof, cell, cellar, cellule, cenotaph, cerulean, chamber,
   charnel house, chest, cist, cist grave, clamber, clear, climb,
   climbing, closet, coffer, coin box, compartment, concameration,
   concha, conservatory, cope, cove, crate, crib, cromlech, crook,
   crypt, cupboard, cupola, curl, curve, curvet, decurve, deep six,
   deflect, demivolt, depository, depot, dock, dokhma, dolmen, dome,
   drawer, dump, elevation, embow, empyrean, enclosed space, escalade,
   ether, exchequer, firmament, fisc, flex, float up, fly up,
   flying jump, fountain, galliard, gelandesprung, geodesic dome,
   glory hole, godown, gold depository, grand jete, grave, gush,
   gyring up, handspring, heaven, heavens, high jump, hippety-hop,
   hold, hole, hollow, hook, hop, house of death, hump, hunch, hurdle,
   hutch, hyaline, igloo, increase, incurvate, incurve, inflect, jet,
   jete, jig, jump, jump over, jump shot, jump turn, jump up,
   jump-hop, jump-off, keystone, last home, lavolta, leap, leap over,
   leap up, leapfrog, levitation, library, lift, lifts, locker,
   long home, long jump, loop, lop, low green tent, low house,
   lumber room, lumberyard, magasin, magazine, manger, mastaba,
   mausoleum, money chest, monstrance, morris, mount, mounting,
   mummy chamber, narrow house, negotiate, ogive, ossuarium, ossuary,
   over, overjump, overleap, overskip, passage grave, penny bank, pew,
   piggy bank, pit, pole vault, pop up, pork barrel, pounce,
   pounce on, pounce upon, public crib, public till, public treasury,
   public trough, pyramid, rack, recurve, reflect, reflex, reliquary,
   repertory, repository, reservoir, resting place, retroflex, rick,
   rise, rising, rocket, rocketing up, round, running broad jump,
   running high jump, safe, safe-deposit box, sag, saltation,
   saut de basque, sepulcher, shaft grave, shelf, shoot up,
   shooting up, shrine, skewback, ski jump, skip, sky, skyrocket,
   soar, soaring, span, spout, spring, spring up, spurt, stack,
   stack room, stall, starry heaven, start, start aside, start up,
   steeplechase, stock room, storage, store, storehouse, storeroom,
   strong room, strongbox, stupa, subtreasury, supply base,
   supply depot, surface, surge, surmount, swag, sweep, takeoff,
   taking off, tank, the blue, the blue serene, till, tomb, tope,
   tour jete, tower of silence, treasure house, treasure room,
   treasure-house, treasury, tumulus, turn, upclimb, upcoming, updive,
   updraft, upgang, upgo, upgoing, upgrade, upgrowth, uphill, upleap,
   uplift, upping, uprisal, uprise, uprising, uprush, upshoot,
   upslope, upspear, upspring, upstart, upsurge, upsurgence, upsweep,
   upswing, vat, vault of heaven, vault up, vaulting, voussoir,
   warehouse, welkin, wind, wine cellar, zooming