The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Turanian \Tu*ra"ni*an\, pr. a. [From Tur, the name, in Persian
   legendary history, of one of the three brothers from whom
   sprang the races of mankind.]
   Of, pertaining to, or designating, an extensive family of
   languages of simple structure and low grade (called also
   Altaic, Ural-Altaic, and Scythian), spoken in the
   northern parts of Europe and Asia and in Central Asia; of
   pertaining to, or designating, the people who speak these
   languages.
   [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Ural-Altaic \U"ral-Al*ta"ic\, a.
   Of or pertaining to the Urals and the Altai; as the
   Ural-Altaic, or Turanian, languages.
   [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

Ural-Altaic
    n 1: a (postulated) group of languages including many of the
         indigenous languages of Russia (but not Russian)