The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Turtledove \Tur"tle*dove`\ (t[^u]r"t'l-d[u^]v`), n. [See 1st
   Turtle.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of pigeons belonging
      to Turtur and allied genera, native of various parts of
      the Old World; especially, the common European species
      (Turtur vulgaris), which is noted for its plaintive
      note, affectionate disposition, and devotion to its mate.
      [1913 Webster]

   Note: The South African turtledove (Turtur albiventris),
         and the ashy turtledove of India (Turtur rubicolus),
         are similar to the European species in their habits.
         [1913 Webster]

   2. (Zool.) Any one of several species of pigeons more or less
      resembling the true turtledoves, as the American mourning
      dove (see under Dove), and the Australian turtledove
      (Stictopelia cuneata).
      [1913 Webster]

   Note: The turtledove of the Scriptures is probably Turtur
         risorius, a species which is still plentiful in Egypt
         and other Eastern countries. It is closely allied to
         the European turtledove.
         [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

Stictopelia cuneata
    n 1: small Australian dove [syn: Australian turtledove,
         turtledove, Stictopelia cuneata]