1.
[syn: Norway, Kingdom of Norway, Norge, Noreg]
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:
Pine \Pine\, n. [AS. p[imac]n, L. pinus.]
1. (Bot.) Any tree of the coniferous genus Pinus. See
Pinus.
[1913 Webster]
Note: There are about twenty-eight species in the United
States, of which the white pine (Pinus Strobus),
the Georgia pine (Pinus australis), the red pine
(Pinus resinosa), and the great West Coast sugar
pine (Pinus Lambertiana) are among the most
valuable. The Scotch pine or fir, also called
Norway or Riga pine (Pinus sylvestris), is the
only British species. The nut pine is any pine tree,
or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See
Pinon.
[1913 Webster] The spruces, firs, larches, and true
cedars, though formerly considered pines, are now
commonly assigned to other genera.
[1913 Webster]
2. The wood of the pine tree.
[1913 Webster]
3. A pineapple.
[1913 Webster]
Ground pine. (Bot.) See under Ground.
Norfolk Island pine (Bot.), a beautiful coniferous tree,
the Araucaria excelsa.
Pine barren, a tract of infertile land which is covered
with pines. [Southern U.S.]
Pine borer (Zool.), any beetle whose larv[ae] bore into
pine trees.
Pine finch. (Zool.) See Pinefinch, in the Vocabulary.
Pine grosbeak (Zool.), a large grosbeak (Pinicola
enucleator), which inhabits the northern parts of both
hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with
red.
Pine lizard (Zool.), a small, very active, mottled gray
lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), native of the Middle
States; -- called also swift, brown scorpion, and
alligator.
Pine marten. (Zool.)
(a) A European weasel (Mustela martes), called also
sweet marten, and yellow-breasted marten.
(b) The American sable. See Sable.
Pine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of small
tortricid moths of the genus Retinia, whose larv[ae]
burrow in the ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often
doing great damage.
Pine mouse (Zool.), an American wild mouse (Arvicola
pinetorum), native of the Middle States. It lives in pine
forests.
Pine needle (Bot.), one of the slender needle-shaped leaves
of a pine tree. See Pinus.
Pine-needle wool. See Pine wool (below).
Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir
and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors.
Pine snake (Zool.), a large harmless North American snake
(Pituophis melanoleucus). It is whitish, covered with
brown blotches having black margins. Called also bull
snake. The Western pine snake (Pituophis Sayi) is
chestnut-brown, mottled with black and orange.
Pine tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Pinus; pine.
Pine-tree money, money coined in Massachusetts in the
seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a
figure of a pine tree. The most noted variety is the pine
tree shilling.
Pine weevil (Zool.), any one of numerous species of weevils
whose larv[ae] bore in the wood of pine trees. Several
species are known in both Europe and America, belonging to
the genera Pissodes, Hylobius, etc.
Pine wool, a fiber obtained from pine needles by steaming
them. It is prepared on a large scale in some of the
Southern United States, and has many uses in the economic
arts; -- called also pine-needle wool, and pine-wood
wool.
[1913 Webster]
WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):
Norway
n 1: a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western
side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence
from Sweden in 1905 [syn: Norway, Kingdom of Norway,
Norge, Noreg]
CIA World Factbook 2002:
Norway
Introduction Norway
-------------------
Background: Despite its neutrality, Norway was
not able to avoid occupation by
Germany in World War II. In 1949,
neutrality was abandoned and Norway
became a member of NATO. Discovery
of oil and gas in adjacent waters in
the late 1960s boosted Norway's
economic fortunes. The current focus
is on containing spending on the
extensive welfare system and
planning for the time when petroleum
reserves are depleted. In referenda
held in 1972 and 1994, Norway
rejected joining the EU.
Geography Norway
----------------
Location: Northern Europe, bordering the North
Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean,
west of Sweden
Geographic coordinates: 62 00 N, 10 00 E
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 324,220 sq km
land: 307,860 sq km
water: 16,360 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly larger than New Mexico
Land boundaries: total: 2,544 km
border countries: Finland 729 km,
Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km
Coastline: 21,925 km (includes mainland 3,419
km, large islands 2,413 km, long
fjords, numerous small islands, and
minor indentations 16,093 km)
Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 10 NM
territorial sea: 4 NM
continental shelf: 200 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
Climate: temperate along coast, modified by
North Atlantic Current; colder
interior with increased
precipitation and colder summers;
rainy year-round on west coast
Terrain: glaciated; mostly high plateaus and
rugged mountains broken by fertile
valleys; small, scattered plains;
coastline deeply indented by fjords;
arctic tundra in north
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
Natural resources: petroleum, copper, natural gas,
pyrites, nickel, iron ore, zinc,
lead, fish, timber, hydropower
Land use: arable land: 2.94%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.06% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land: 1,270 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: rockslides, avalanches
Environment - current issues: water pollution; acid rain damaging
forests and adversely affecting
lakes, threatening fish stocks; air
pollution from vehicle emissions
Environment - international party to: Air Pollution, Air
agreements: Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air
Pollution-Persistent Organic
Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur
85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air
Pollution-Volatile Organic
Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental
Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living
Resources, Antarctic Seals,
Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity,
Climate Change, Desertification,
Endangered Species, Environmental
Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law
of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear
Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection,
Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83,
Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands,
Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Climate
Change-Kyoto Protocol
Geography - note: about two-thirds mountains; some
50,000 islands off its much indented
coastline; strategic location
adjacent to sea lanes and air routes
in North Atlantic; one of most
rugged and longest coastlines in
world
People Norway
-------------
Population: 4,525,116 (July 2002 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 20% (male 464,789;
female 439,117)
15-64 years: 65% (male 1,491,720;
female 1,451,450)
65 years and over: 15% (male
281,551; female 396,489) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.47% (2002 est.)
Birth rate: 12.39 births/1,000 population (2002
est.)
Death rate: 9.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002
est.)
Net migration rate: 2.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2002 est.)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/
female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/
female (2002 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 78.94 years
female: 82.07 years (2002 est.)
male: 76.01 years
Total fertility rate: 1.8 children born/woman (2002 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 1,600 (1999 est.)
AIDS:
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 8 (1999)
Nationality: noun: Norwegian(s)
adjective: Norwegian
Ethnic groups: Norwegian, Sami 20,000
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 86% (state
church), other Protestant and Roman
Catholic 3%, other 1%, none and
unknown 10% (1997)
Languages: Norwegian (official)
note: small Sami- and Finnish-
speaking minorities
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
and write
total population: 100%
male: NA%
female: NA%
Government Norway
-----------------
Country name: conventional long form: Kingdom of
Norway
conventional short form: Norway
local short form: Norge
local long form: Kongeriket Norge
Government type: constitutional monarchy
Capital: Oslo
Administrative divisions: 19 provinces (fylker, singular -
fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder,
Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark,
Hordaland, More og Romsdal,
Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland,
Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og
Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark,
Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold
Dependent areas: Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard
Independence: 7 June 1905 Norway declared the
union with Sweden dissolved; 26
October 1905 Sweden agreed to the
repeal of the union
National holiday: Constitution Day, 17 May (1814);
note - on 14 January 1814 Denmark
ceded Norway to Sweden; resisting
Swedish domination, Norwegians
adopted a new constitution four
months later; on 14 August 1814
Norway was proclaimed independent
but in union with Sweden; on 7 June
1905 Norway declared the union with
Sweden dissolved
Constitution: 17 May 1814, modified in 1884
Legal system: mixture of customary law, civil law
system, and common law traditions;
Supreme Court renders advisory
opinions to legislature when asked;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction,
with reservations
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: King HARALD V (since
17 January 1991); Heir Apparent
Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS, son of
the monarch (born 20 July 1973)
head of government: Prime Minister
Kjell Magne BONDEVIK (since 19
October 2001)
cabinet: State Council appointed by
the monarch with the approval of
Parliament
elections: none; the monarch is
hereditary; following parliamentary
elections, the leader of the largest
party or the leader of the majority
coalition is usually appointed prime
minister by the monarch with the
approval of the Parliament
Legislative branch: modified unicameral Parliament or
Storting (165 seats; members are
elected by popular vote by
proportional representation to serve
four-year terms)
elections: last held 10 September
2001 (next to be held NA September
2005)
note: for certain purposes, the
Parliament divides itself into two
chambers and elects one-fourth of
its membership to an upper house or
Lagting
election results: percent of vote by
party - Labor Party 24.3%,
Conservative Party 21.2%, Progress
Party 14.6%, Socialist Left Party
12.5%, Christian People's Party
12.4%, Center Party 5.6%, Liberal
Party 3.9%, Coastal Party 1.7%,
other 3.8%; seats by party - Labor
Party 43, Conservative Party 38,
Progress Party 26, Socialist Left
Party 23, Christian People's Party
22, Center Party 10, Liberal Party
2, Coastal Party 1
Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Hoyesterett
(justices appointed by the monarch)
Political parties and leaders: Center Party [Odd Roger ENOKSEN];
Christian People's Party [Valgerd
Svarstad HAUGLAND]; Coastal Party
[Steinar BASTESEN]; Conservative
Party [Jan PETERSEN]; Labor Party
[Thorbjorn JAGLAND]; Liberal Party
[Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party
[Carl I. HAGEN]; Socialist Left
Party [Kristin HALVORSEN]
Political pressure groups and NA
leaders:
International organization AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS,
participation: CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD,
ECE, EFTA, ESA, FAO, IADB, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA,
IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO,
IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO,
ITU, NAM (guest), NATO, NC, NEA,
NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD,
OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UN Security
Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO,
UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK,
UNMOP, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WEU
(associate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO,
ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Knut
VOLLEBAEK
chancery: 2720 34th Street NW,
Washington, DC 20008
consulate(s) general: Houston,
Miami, Minneapolis, New York, and
San Francisco
FAX: [1] (202) 337-0870
telephone: [1] (202) 333-6000
Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador John D.
US: ONG
embassy: Drammensveien 18, 0244 Oslo
mailing address: PSC 69, Box 1000,
APO AE 09707
telephone: [47] (22) 44 85 50
FAX: [47] (22) 43 07 77
Flag description: red with a blue cross outlined in
white that extends to the edges of
the flag; the vertical part of the
cross is shifted to the hoist side
in the style of the Dannebrog
(Danish flag)
Economy Norway
--------------
Economy - overview: The Norwegian economy is a
prosperous bastion of welfare
capitalism, featuring a combination
of free market activity and
government intervention. The
government controls key areas, such
as the vital petroleum sector
(through large-scale state
enterprises). The country is richly
endowed with natural resources -
petroleum, hydropower, fish,
forests, and minerals - and is
highly dependent on its oil
production and international oil
prices; in 1999, oil and gas
accounted for 35% of exports. Only
Saudi Arabia and Russia export more
oil than Norway. Oslo opted to stay
out of the EU during a referendum in
November 1994. Growth picked up in
2000 to 2.7%, compared with the
meager 0.8% of 1999, but fell back
to 1.3% in 2001. The government
moved ahead with privatization in
2000, even proposing the sale of up
to one-third of the 100% state-owned
oil company Statoil. With arguably
the highest quality of life
worldwide, Norwegians still worry
about that time in the next two
decades when the oil and gas begin
to run out. Accordingly, Norway has
been saving its oil-boosted budget
surpluses in a Government Petroleum
Fund, which is invested abroad and
now is valued at more than $43
billion.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $138.7
billion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 1.3% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $30,800
(2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 2%
industry: 31%
services: 67% (2000)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 4.1%
percentage share: highest 10%: 21.8% (1995)
Distribution of family income - Gini 25.8 (1995)
index:
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.1% (2001 est.)
Labor force: 2.4 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: services 74%, industry 22%,
agriculture, forestry, and fishing
4% (1995)
Unemployment rate: 3.6% (2001 est.)
Budget: revenues: $71.7 billion
expenditures: $57.6 billion,
including capital expenditures of
$NA (2000 est.)
Industries: petroleum and gas, food processing,
shipbuilding, pulp and paper
products, metals, chemicals, timber,
mining, textiles, fishing
Industrial production growth rate: -1% (2001 est.)
Electricity - production: 141.162 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 0.49%
hydro: 99.31%
other: 0.2% (2000)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption: 112.495 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports: 20.259 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports: 1.474 billion kWh (2000)
Agriculture - products: barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef,
veal, milk; fish
Exports: $58 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Exports - commodities: petroleum and petroleum products,
machinery and equipment, metals,
chemicals, ships, fish
Exports - partners: EU 76.8% (Netherlands 11.4%, Germany
10.3%, France 10.0%, Sweden 8.4%),
US 7.6% (2000)
Imports: $33.5 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals,
metals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners: EU 62.5% (Sweden 14.7%, Germany
11.9%, UK 8.1%, Denmark 6.4%), US
8.2%, Japan 5.2% (2000)
Debt - external: $0 (Norway is a net external
creditor)
Economic aid - donor: ODA, $1.4 billion (1998)
Currency: Norwegian krone (NOK)
Currency code: NOK
Exchange rates: Norwegian kroner per US dollar -
8.9684 (January 2002), 8.9917
(2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992
(1999), 7.5451 (1998), 7.0734 (1997)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications Norway
---------------------
Telephones - main lines in use: 2.735 million (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 2,080,408 (1998)
Telephone system: general assessment: modern in all
respects; one of the most advanced
telecommunications networks in
Europe
domestic: Norway has a domestic
satellite system; moreover, the
prevalence of rural areas encourages
the wide use of cellular mobile
systems instead of fixed wire
systems
international: 2 buried coaxial
cable systems; 4 coaxial submarine
cables; satellite earth stations -
NA Eutelsat, NA Intelsat (Atlantic
Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and
Indian Ocean regions); note - Norway
shares the Inmarsat earth station
with the other Nordic countries
(Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and
Sweden) (1999)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1
(1998)
Radios: 4.03 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995)
Televisions: 2.03 million (1997)
Internet country code: .no
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 13 (2000)
Internet users: 2.45 million (2001)
Transportation Norway
---------------------
Railways: total: 4,006 km
standard gauge: 4,006 km 1.435-
m gauge (2,471 km electrified)
(2001)
Highways: total: 91,180 km
paved: 67,838 km (including 109 km
of expressways)
unpaved: 23,342 km (1999)
Waterways: 1,577 km (along west coast)
note: navigable by 2.4 m maximum
draft vessels
Pipelines: refined petroleum products 53 km
Ports and harbors: Bergen, Drammen, Floro, Hammerfest,
Harstad, Haugesund, Kristiansand,
Larvik, Narvik, Oslo, Porsgrunn,
Stavanger, Tromso, Trondheim
Merchant marine: total: 746 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
totaling 20,691,266 GRT/32,126,513
DWT
ships by type: bulk 84, cargo 130,
chemical tanker 119, combination
bulk 9, combination ore/oil 38,
container 18, liquefied gas 91,
passenger 6, petroleum tanker 143,
refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll
off 41, short-sea passenger 21,
specialized tanker 2, vehicle
carrier 35
note: includes some foreign-owned
ships registered here as a flag of
convenience: Australia 1, Denmark
14, Germany 11, Greece 10, Hong Kong
7, Iceland 2, Japan 11, Lithuania 1,
Monaco 42, Poland 1, Saudi Arabia 3,
Singapore 10, Sweden 42, Switzerland
2, United Kingdom 4, United States 5
(2002 est.)
Airports: 102 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 67
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 13
1,524 to 2,437 m: 13
914 to 1,523 m: 15
under 914 m: 26 (2001)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 35
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 29 (2001)
Military Norway
---------------
Military branches: Norwegian Army, Royal Norwegian Navy
(including Coast Artillery and Coast
Guard), Royal Norwegian Air Force,
Home Guard
Military manpower - military age: 20 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,099,966 (2002
est.)
Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 911,632 (2002 est.)
service:
Military manpower - reaching males: 27,341 (2002 est.)
military age annually:
Military expenditures - dollar $3.113 billion (FY98/99)
figure:
Military expenditures - percent of 2.13% (2002)
GDP:
Transnational Issues Norway
---------------------------
Disputes - international: Norway asserts a territorial claim
in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land and
its continental shelf); despite
recent discussions, Russia and
Norway continue to dispute their
maritime limits in the Barents Sea
and Russia's fishing rights beyond
Svalbard's territorial limits within
the Svalbard Treaty zone
U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000):
Norway, IN -- U.S. Census Designated Place in Indiana
Population (2000): 437
Housing Units (2000): 208
Land area (2000): 0.889267 sq. miles (2.303191 sq. km)
Water area (2000): 0.063983 sq. miles (0.165715 sq. km)
Total area (2000): 0.953250 sq. miles (2.468906 sq. km)
FIPS code: 55350
Located within: Indiana (IN), FIPS 18
Location: 40.781877 N, 86.767850 W
ZIP Codes (1990):
Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
Headwords:
Norway, IN
Norway
U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000):
Norway, IA -- U.S. city in Iowa
Population (2000): 601
Housing Units (2000): 247
Land area (2000): 0.454994 sq. miles (1.178429 sq. km)
Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km)
Total area (2000): 0.454994 sq. miles (1.178429 sq. km)
FIPS code: 57720
Located within: Iowa (IA), FIPS 19
Location: 41.903299 N, 91.923375 W
ZIP Codes (1990): 52318
Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
Headwords:
Norway, IA
Norway
U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000):
Norway, SC -- U.S. town in South Carolina
Population (2000): 389
Housing Units (2000): 164
Land area (2000): 0.835583 sq. miles (2.164150 sq. km)
Water area (2000): 0.005041 sq. miles (0.013056 sq. km)
Total area (2000): 0.840624 sq. miles (2.177206 sq. km)
FIPS code: 51550
Located within: South Carolina (SC), FIPS 45
Location: 33.449692 N, 81.126029 W
ZIP Codes (1990): 29113
Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
Headwords:
Norway, SC
Norway
U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000):
Norway, ME -- U.S. Census Designated Place in Maine
Population (2000): 2623
Housing Units (2000): 1347
Land area (2000): 5.065976 sq. miles (13.120817 sq. km)
Water area (2000): 0.178846 sq. miles (0.463208 sq. km)
Total area (2000): 5.244822 sq. miles (13.584025 sq. km)
FIPS code: 53965
Located within: Maine (ME), FIPS 23
Location: 44.211544 N, 70.538375 W
ZIP Codes (1990): 04268
Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
Headwords:
Norway, ME
Norway
U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000):
Norway, MI -- U.S. city in Michigan
Population (2000): 2959
Housing Units (2000): 1392
Land area (2000): 8.816948 sq. miles (22.835789 sq. km)
Water area (2000): 0.053157 sq. miles (0.137677 sq. km)
Total area (2000): 8.870105 sq. miles (22.973466 sq. km)
FIPS code: 59220
Located within: Michigan (MI), FIPS 26
Location: 45.789198 N, 87.904348 W
ZIP Codes (1990): 49870
Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
Headwords:
Norway, MI
Norway