The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Groundnut \Ground"nut`\ (ground"n[u^]t`), n. (Bot.)
   (a) The fruit of the Arachis hypog[ae]a (native country
       uncertain); the peanut; the earthnut.
   (b) A leguminous, twining plant (Apios tuberosa), producing
       clusters of dark purple flowers and having a root
       tuberous and pleasant to the taste.
   (c) The dwarf ginseng (Aralia trifolia). [U. S.] --Gray.
   (d) A European plant of the genus Bunium (B. flexuosum),
       having an edible root of a globular shape and sweet,
       aromatic taste; -- called also earthnut, earth
       chestnut, hawknut, and pignut.
       [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

Apios tuberosa
    n 1: a North American vine with fragrant blossoms and edible
         tubers; important food crop of Native Americans [syn:
         groundnut, groundnut vine, Indian potato, potato
         bean, wild bean, Apios americana, Apios tuberosa]