The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Replication \Rep`li*ca"tion\ (-k?"sh?n), n. [L. replicatio. See
   Reply.]
   1. An answer; a reply. --Shak.
      [1913 Webster]

            Withouten any repplicacioun.          --Chaucer.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. (Law Pleadings) The reply of the plaintiff, in matters of
      fact, to the defendant's plea.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. Return or repercussion, as of sound; echo.
      [1913 Webster]

            To hear the replication of your sounds. --Shak.
      [1913 Webster]

   4. A repetition; a copy.
      [1913 Webster]

   5. (Biochem.) The copying, by enzymes, of a cell's genome,
      i.e. the DNA or RNA comprising its genetic material, so as
      to form an identical genome. This is an essential step in
      the division of one cell into two. This differs from
      transcription, which is the copying of only part of the
      genetic information of a cell's genome into RNA, as in the
      processes of biosynthesis of messenger RNA or ribosomal
      RNA.
      [PJC]

   Syn: Answer; response; reply; rejoinder.
        [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

replication
    n 1: the act of making copies; "Gutenberg's reproduction of holy
         texts was far more efficient" [syn: reproduction,
         replication]
    2: (genetics) the process whereby DNA makes a copy of itself
       before cell division
    3: a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or
       critical one); "it brought a sharp rejoinder from the
       teacher" [syn: rejoinder, retort, return, riposte,
       replication, comeback, counter]
    4: (law) a pleading made by a plaintiff in reply to the
       defendant's plea or answer
    5: the repetition of a sound resulting from reflection of the
       sound waves; "she could hear echoes of her own footsteps"
       [syn: echo, reverberation, sound reflection,
       replication]
    6: copy that is not the original; something that has been copied
       [syn: replica, replication, reproduction]
    7: the repetition of an experiment in order to test the validity
       of its conclusion; "scientists will not believe an
       experimental result until they have seen at least one
       replication"

The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (19 January 2023):

replication

    Creating and maintaining a duplicate
   copy of a database or file system on a different computer,
   typically a server.  The term usually implies the
   intelligent copying of parts of the source database which have
   changed since the last replication with the destination.

   Replication may be one-way or two-way.  Two-way replication is
   much more complicated because of the possibility that a
   replicated object may have been updated differently in the two
   locations in which case some method is needed to reconcile the
   different versions.

   For example, Lotus Notes can automatically distribute
   document databases across telecommunications networks.  Notes
   supports a wide range of network protocols including X25
   and Internet TCP/IP.

   Compare mirror.  See also rdist.

   (1997-12-12)