The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Caryophyllaceous \Car`y*o*phyl*la"ceous\, a. [Gr. ? clove tree;
   ? nut + ? leaf.] (Bot.)
   (a) Having corollas of five petals with long claws inclosed
       in a tubular, calyx, as the pink.
   (b) Belonging to the family of which the pink and the
       carnation are the types.
       [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

caryophyllaceous
    adj 1: of or pertaining to plants of the family Caryophyllaceae