The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Treasurer \Treas"ur*er\, n. [OE. tresourer, F. tr['e]sorier.]
   One who has the care of a treasure or treasure or treasury;
   an officer who receives the public money arising from taxes
   and duties, or other sources of revenue, takes charge of the
   same, and disburses it upon orders made by the proper
   authority; one who has charge of collected funds; as, the
   treasurer of a society or corporation.
   [1913 Webster]

   Lord high treasurer of England, formerly, the third great
      officer of the crown. His office is now executed by five
      persons styled the lords commissioners of the treasury, or
      treasury lords.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

treasurer
    n 1: an officer charged with receiving and disbursing funds
         [syn: treasurer, financial officer]

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

50 Moby Thesaurus words for "treasurer":
   accountant, archon, auditor, bookkeeper, bursar, cashier,
   cashkeeper, chamberlain, chancellor, chief executive,
   chief executive officer, compensator, comptroller, controller,
   curator, dean, defrayer, depositary, depository, executive,
   executive director, executive officer, executive secretary,
   financial officer, liquidator, magistrate, management,
   managing director, officer, official, payer, paymaster, prefect,
   president, prexy, provost, purse bearer, purser, ratepayer,
   receiver, recompenser, remunerator, secretary, steward, taxpayer,
   the administration, trustee, vice-chancellor, vice-president,
   warden



Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856):

TREASURER. OF THE MINT. An officer created by the act of January 18, 1837,
whose duties are prescribed as follows: The treasurer shall receive and
safely keep all moneys which shall be for the use and support of the mint;
shall keep all the current accounts of the mint, and pay all moneys due by
the mint, on warrants from the director. He shall receive all bullion
brought to the mint for coinage; shall be the keeper of all bullion and coin
in the mint, except while the same is legally placed in the hands of other
officers, and shall, on warrants from the director, deliver all coins struck
at the mint to the persons to whom they shall be legally payable. And he
shall keep regular and faithful accounts of all the transactions of the
mint, in bullion and coins, both with the officers of the mint and the
depositors; and shall present, quarter-yearly, to the treasury department of
the United States, according to such forms as shall be prescribed by that
department, an account of the receipts and disbursements of the mint, for
the purpose of being adjusted and settled.
     2. This officer is required to give bond to the United States with one
or more sureties to the satisfaction of the secretary of the treasury, in
the sum of ten thousand dollars. His salary is two thousand dollars.