The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Probate \Pro"bate\, a.
   Of or belonging to a probate, or court of probate; as, a
   probate record.
   [1913 Webster]

   Probate Court, or Court of Probate, a court for the
      probate of wills.

   Probate duty, a government tax on property passing by will.
      [Eng.]
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

probate court
    n 1: a court having jurisdiction over the probate of wills and
         the administration of estates