WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

Resurrection of Christ
    n 1: (New Testament) the rising of Christ on the third day after
         the Crucifixion [syn: Resurrection, Christ's
         Resurrection, Resurrection of Christ]

Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary:

Resurrection of Christ
   one of the cardinal facts and doctrines of the gospel. If Christ
   be not risen, our faith is vain (1 Cor. 15:14). The whole of the
   New Testament revelation rests on this as an historical fact. On
   the day of Pentecost Peter argued the necessity of Christ's
   resurrection from the prediction in Ps. 16 (Acts 2:24-28). In
   his own discourses, also, our Lord clearly intimates his
   resurrection (Matt. 20:19; Mark 9:9; 14:28; Luke 18:33; John
   2:19-22).

     The evangelists give circumstantial accounts of the facts
   connected with that event, and the apostles, also, in their
   public teaching largely insist upon it. Ten different
   appearances of our risen Lord are recorded in the New Testament.
   They may be arranged as follows:

     (1.) To Mary Magdalene at the sepulchre alone. This is
   recorded at length only by John (20:11-18), and alluded to by
   Mark (16:9-11).

     (2.) To certain women, "the other Mary," Salome, Joanna, and
   others, as they returned from the sepulchre. Matthew (28:1-10)
   alone gives an account of this. (Comp. Mark 16:1-8, and Luke
   24:1-11.)

     (3.) To Simon Peter alone on the day of the resurrection. (See
   Luke 24:34; 1 Cor. 15:5.)

     (4.) To the two disciples on the way to Emmaus on the day of
   the resurrection, recorded fully only by Luke (24:13-35. Comp.
   Mark 16:12, 13).

     (5.) To the ten disciples (Thomas being absent) and others
   "with them," at Jerusalem on the evening of the resurrection
   day. One of the evangelists gives an account of this appearance,
   John (20:19-24).

     (6.) To the disciples again (Thomas being present) at
   Jerusalem (Mark 16:14-18; Luke 24:33-40; John 20:26-28. See also
   1 Cor. 15:5).

     (7.) To the disciples when fishing at the Sea of Galilee. Of
   this appearance also John (21:1-23) alone gives an account.

     (8.) To the eleven, and above 500 brethren at once, at an
   appointed place in Galilee (1 Cor. 15:6; comp. Matt. 28:16-20).

     (9.) To James, but under what circumstances we are not
   informed (1 Cor. 15:7).

     (10.) To the apostles immediately before the ascension. They
   accompanied him from Jerusalem to Mount Olivet, and there they
   saw him ascend "till a cloud received him out of their sight"
   (Mark 16:19; Luke 24:50-52; Acts 1:4-10).

     It is worthy of note that it is distinctly related that on
   most of these occasions our Lord afforded his disciples the
   amplest opportunity of testing the fact of his resurrection. He
   conversed with them face to face. They touched him (Matt. 28:9;
   Luke 24:39; John 20:27), and he ate bread with them (Luke 24:42,
   43; John 21:12, 13).

     (11.) In addition to the above, mention might be made of
   Christ's manifestation of himself to Paul at Damascus, who
   speaks of it as an appearance of the risen Saviour (Acts 9:3-9,
   17; 1 Cor. 15:8; 9:1).

     It is implied in the words of Luke (Acts 1:3) that there may
   have been other appearances of which we have no record.

     The resurrection is spoken of as the act (1) of God the Father
   (Ps. 16:10; Acts 2:24; 3:15; Rom. 8:11; Eph. 1:20; Col. 2:12;
   Heb. 13:20); (2) of Christ himself (John 2:19; 10:18); and (3)
   of the Holy Spirit (1 Peter 3:18).

     The resurrection is a public testimony of Christ's release
   from his undertaking as surety, and an evidence of the Father's
   acceptance of his work of redemption. It is a victory over death
   and the grave for all his followers.

     The importance of Christ's resurrection will be seen when we
   consider that if he rose the gospel is true, and if he rose not
   it is false. His resurrection from the dead makes it manifest
   that his sacrifice was accepted. Our justification was secured
   by his obedience to the death, and therefore he was raised from
   the dead (Rom. 4:25). His resurrection is a proof that he made a
   full atonement for our sins, that his sacrifice was accepted as
   a satisfaction to divine justice, and his blood a ransom for
   sinners. It is also a pledge and an earnest of the resurrection
   of all believers (Rom. 8:11; 1 Cor. 6:14; 15:47-49; Phil. 3:21;
   1 John 3:2). As he lives, they shall live also.

     It proved him to be the Son of God, inasmuch as it
   authenticated all his claims (John 2:19; 10:17). "If Christ did
   not rise, the whole scheme of redemption is a failure, and all
   the predictions and anticipations of its glorious results for
   time and for eternity, for men and for angels of every rank and
   order, are proved to be chimeras. 'But now is Christ risen from
   the dead, and become the first-fruits of them that slept.'
   Therefore the Bible is true from Genesis to Revelation. The
   kingdom of darkness has been overthrown, Satan has fallen as
   lightning from heaven, and the triumph of truth over error, of
   good over evil, of happiness over misery is for ever secured."
   Hodge.

     With reference to the report which the Roman soldiers were
   bribed (Matt. 28:12-14) to circulate concerning Christ's
   resurrection, "his disciples came by night and stole him away
   while we slept," Matthew Henry in his "Commentary," under John
   20:1-10, fittingly remarks, "The grave-clothes in which Christ
   had been buried were found in very good order, which serves for
   an evidence that his body was not 'stolen away while men slept.'
   Robbers of tombs have been known to take away 'the clothes' and
   leave the body; but none ever took away 'the body' and left the
   clothes, especially when they were 'fine linen' and new (Mark
   15:46). Any one would rather choose to carry a dead body in its
   clothes than naked. Or if they that were supposed to have stolen
   it would have left the grave-clothes behind, yet it cannot be
   supposed they would find leisure to 'fold up the linen.'"