The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Spoliation \Spo`li*a"tion\ (sp[=o]"l[i^]*[=a]"sh[u^]n), n. [L.
   spoliatio: cf. F. spoliation. See Spoil, v. t.]
   1. The act of plundering; robbery; deprivation; despoliation.
      [1913 Webster]

            Legal spoliation, which will impoverish one part of
            the community in order to corrupt the remainder.
                                                  --Sir G. C.
                                                  Lewis.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. Robbery or plunder in war; especially, the authorized act
      or practice of plundering neutrals at sea.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. (Eccl. Law)
      (a) The act of an incumbent in taking the fruits of his
          benefice without right, but under a pretended title.
          --Blackstone.
      (b) A process for possession of a church in a spiritual
          court.
          [1913 Webster]

   4. (Law) Injury done to a document.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

spoliation
    n 1: (law) the intentional destruction of a document or an
         alteration of it that destroys its value as evidence
    2: the act of stripping and taking by force [syn: spoil,
       spoliation, spoilation, despoilation, despoilment,
       despoliation]