The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (30 December 2018):

bus master
bus mastering
First Party DMA

    The device in a computer which is driving the
   address bus and bus control signals at some point in time.
   In a simple architecture only the (single) CPU can be bus
   master but this means that all communications between
   ("slave") I/O devices must involve the CPU.  More
   sophisticated architectures allow other capable devices (or
   multiple CPUs) to take turns at controling the bus.  This
   allows, for example, a network controller card to access a
   disk controller directly while the CPU performs other tasks
   which do not require the bus, e.g. fetching code from its
   cache.

   Note that any device can drive data onto the data bus when
   the CPU reads from that device, but only the bus master drives
   the address bus and control signals.

   Direct Memory Access is a simple form of bus mastering where
   the I/O device is set up by the CPU to read from or write to
   one or more contiguous blocks of memory and then signal to the
   CPU when it has done so.  Full bus mastering (or "First Party
   DMA", "bus mastering DMA") implies that the I/O device is
   capable of performing more complex sequences of operations
   without CPU intervention (e.g. servicing a complete NFS
   request).  This will normally mean that the I/O device
   contains its own processor or microcontroller.

   See also distributed kernel.

   (1996-08-26)