The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Western \West"ern\, a.
   [1913 Webster]
   1. Of or pertaining to the west; situated in the west, or in
      the region nearly in the direction of west; being in that
      quarter where the sun sets; as, the western shore of
      France; the western ocean.
      [1913 Webster]

            Far o'er the glowing western main.    --Keble.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. Moving toward the west; as, a ship makes a western course;
      coming from the west; as, a western breeze.
      [1913 Webster]

   Western Church. See Latin Church, under Latin.

   Western empire (Hist.), the western portion of the Roman
      empire, as divided, by the will of Theodosius the Great,
      between his sons Honorius and Arcadius, a. d. 395.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

Western Church
    n 1: the Christian Church based in the Vatican and presided over
         by a pope and an episcopal hierarchy [syn: Roman
         Catholic, Western Church, Roman Catholic Church,
         Church of Rome, Roman Church]