The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:
Surgeon \Sur"geon\, n. [OE. surgien, OF. surgien, contr. fr.
chirurgien. See Chirurgeon.]
1. One whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or
injuries of the body by manual operation; one whose
occupation is to cure local injuries or disorders (such as
wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.), whether by manual
operation, or by medication and constitutional treatment.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of chaetodont fishes
of the family Teuthidae, or Acanthuridae, which have
one or two sharp lancelike spines on each side of the base
of the tail. Called also surgeon fish, doctor fish,
lancet fish, and sea surgeon.
[1913 Webster]
Surgeon apothecary, one who unites the practice of surgery
with that of the apothecary. --Dunglison.
Surgeon dentist, a dental surgeon; a dentist.
Surgeon fish. See def. 2, above.
Surgeon general.
(a) In the United States army, the chief of the medical
department.
(b) In the British army, a surgeon ranking next below the
chief of the medical department.
[1913 Webster]