The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Recusant \Re*cu"sant\ (-zat; 277), a.[L. recusans, -antis, p.
   pr. of recure to refuse, to oject to; pref. re- re + causa a
   cause, pretext: cf. F. r['e]cusant. See Cause, and cf.
   Ruse.]
   Obstinate in refusal; specifically, in English history,
   refusing to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in the
   church, or to conform to the established rites of the church;
   as, a recusant lord.
   [1913 Webster]

         It stated him to have placed his son in the household
         of the Countess of Derby, a recusant papist. --Sir W.
                                                  Scott.
   [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Recusant \Re*cu"sant\, n.
   1. One who is obstinate in refusal; one standing out
      stubbornly against general practice or opinion.
      [1913 Webster]

            The last rebellious recusants among the European
            family of nations.                    --De Quincey.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. (Eng. Hist.) A person who refuses to acknowledge the
      supremacy of the king in matters of religion; as, a Roman
      Catholic recusant, who acknowledges the supremacy of the
      pope. --Brande & C.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. One who refuses communion with the Church of England; a
      nonconformist.
      [1913 Webster]

            All that are recusants of holy rites. --Holyday.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

recusant
    adj 1: (of Catholics) refusing to attend services of the Church
           of England [syn: dissentient, recusant]
    2: refusing to submit to authority; "the recusant
       electors...cooperated in electing a new Senate"- Mary
       W.Williams
    n 1: someone who refuses to conform to established standards of
         conduct [syn: nonconformist, recusant] [ant:
         conformist]

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

43 Moby Thesaurus words for "recusant":
   alienated, antiestablishment, at odds with, at variance with,
   breakaway, contrary, counter-culture, deviant, differing,
   disagreeing, disobedient, dissentient, dissenting, dissident,
   froward, in opposition, indisciplined, lawless, naughty,
   nonconformable, nonconforming, nonobservant, obstinate, opposing,
   recalcitrant, refractory, sectarian, sectary, self-willed,
   transgressive, unadaptable, unadjustable, uncompliant, uncomplying,
   unconforming, underground, undisciplined, unduteous, undutiful,
   unsubmissive, violative, wayward, willful