The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Potent \Po"tent\, n.
   1. A prince; a potentate. [Obs.] --Shak.
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   2. [See Potence.] A staff or crutch. [Obs.]
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   3. (Her.) One of the furs; a surface composed of patches
      which are supposed to represent crutch heads; they are
      always alternately argent and azure, unless otherwise
      specially mentioned.
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   Counter potent (Her.), a fur differing from potent in the
      arrangement of the patches.
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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Potent \Po"tent\, a. [L. potens, -entis, p. pr. of posse to be
   able, to have power, fr. potis able, capable (akin to Skr.
   pati master, lord) + esse to be. See Host a landlord, Am,
   and cf. Despot, Podesta, Possible, Power,
   Puissant.]
   1. Producing great physical effects; forcible; powerful'
      efficacious; as, a potent medicine. "Harsh and potent
      injuries." --Shak.
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            Moses once more his potent rod extends. --Milton.
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   2. Having great authority, control, or dominion; puissant;
      mighty; influential; as, a potent prince. "A potent
      dukedom." --Shak.
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            Most potent, grave, and reverend signiors. --Shak.
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   3. Powerful, in an intellectual or moral sense; having great
      influence; as, potent interest; a potent argument.
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   Cross potent. (Her.) See Illust. (7) of Cross.
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   Syn: Powerful; mighty; puissant; strong; able; efficient;
        forcible; efficacious; cogent; influential.
        [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

potent
    adj 1: having great influence [syn: potent, powerful]
    2: having or wielding force or authority; "providing the ground
       soldier with increasingly potent weapons" [syn: potent,
       strong]
    3: having a strong physiological or chemical effect; "a potent
       toxin"; "potent liquor"; "a potent cup of tea", "a stiff
       drink" [syn: potent, strong, stiff] [ant: impotent]
    4: (of a male) capable of copulation [syn: potent, virile]
       [ant: impotent]

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

145 Moby Thesaurus words for "potent":
   absolute, amorous, armipotent, ascendant, authoritarian,
   authoritative, authorized, autocratic, beefy, bouncing,
   broad-shouldered, carnal, charismatic, charming,
   clothed with authority, cogent, commanding, compelling, competent,
   concentrated, consequential, considerable, controlling, convincing,
   dominant, doughty, duly constituted, dynamic, effective, effectual,
   efficacious, eminent, empowered, enchanting, energetic, erogenic,
   erogenous, erotic, erotogenic, estimable, ex officio, fleshly,
   forceful, forcible, forcy, formidable, full-blooded, full-bodied,
   full-strength, gamic, governing, great, gutsy, gutty, hairychested,
   hale, hard, hard as nails, hardy, he-mannish, hearty, hefty,
   hegemonic, hegemonistic, heterosexual, high-potency, high-powered,
   high-pressure, high-tension, husky, imperative, important,
   impressive, in force, in power, influential, iron-hard,
   irresistible, leading, libidinal, lusty, macho, magnetic, mighty,
   mighty in battle, momentous, monocratic, nervy, nuptial, obstinate,
   official, operative, oversexed, personable, persuasive, powerful,
   preeminent, prepotent, prestigious, procreative, prominent,
   puissant, ranking, red-blooded, reputable, robust, robustious,
   rugged, ruling, senior, sensual, sex, sexed, sexlike, sexual, sexy,
   sound, stalwart, steely, stout, straight, strapping, striking,
   strong, strong as brandy, strong as strong, strong-willed, sturdy,
   suasive, substantial, superior, supreme, telling, totalitarian,
   ultramasculine, undersexed, valid, venereal, vigorous, virile,
   viripotent, vital, voluptuous, weighty, winning